02204nas a2200265   4500008004500000020001400045245022500059210006900284260000900353300000800362490001000370520133600380653001701716653001701733653001101750653000901761653001601770653002001786653001501806100001901821700001701840700001601857700002201873856004301895       2000                        Engldsh    a0030-887000aConservation status and research on the Fabulous Green Sphinx of Kaua'i, <i>Tinostoma smaragditis </i>(Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), including checklists of the vascular plants of the diverse mesic forests of Kaua'i, Hawai'i0 aConservation status and research on the Fabulous Green Sphinx of  cJan.  a1-90 v54(1)3 aIn 1895, a moth was captured in a mountain home in Makaweli, Kaua'i, that would captivate and elude entomologists for the next century. Tinostoma smaragditis (Meyrick), aptly nicknamed the "Fabulous Green Sphinx of Kauai'i" is a stunningly beautiful moth with green wings and thorax, pale brown hind wings, and orange antennae. Eighteen individuals are known to have been collected on Kaua'i. However, despite extensive searches in areas around Koke'e, all the specimens discovered until the 1990s were incidental catches, and the natural habitat and host plant of the moth remained unknown. This study describes the results of extensive searches of the diverse mesic forests with the aim of establishing range, habitat, and host-plant associations of the Fabulous Green Sphinx. In February 1998 a male T. smaragditis was attracted to a mercury vapor light set up in the diverse mesic forest. Subsequently, one other specimen was collected in a similar habitat type on another part of the island. However, the host plant of the moth remains unknown. In this paper we provide a history of collections, a summary of known biology, and a guide to potential host plants, including checklists of vascular plants found in the diverse mesic forests of two locations where T. smaragditis was found, Kalalau and Mahanaloa Valleys on Kaua'i.10aCONSERVATION10adistribution10aHAWAII10aHOST10aLEPIDOPTERA10aPacific Insects10aSphingidae1 aHeddle, M., L.1 aWood, K., R.1 aAsquith, A.1 aGillespie, R., G.  uhttps://pacleps.myspecies.info/node/9102840nas a2200229   4500008004100000245007000041210006700111300001200178490000700190520219700197653001702394653001702411653001402428653001102442653001202453653002402465653002002489653001502509100002202524700002102546856004302567       2002                        eng d00aArthropods on islands: Colonization, speciation, and conservation0 aArthropods on islands Colonization speciation and conservation  a595-6320 v473 aIslands have traditionally been considered to be any relatively small body of land completely surrounded by water. However, their primary biological characteristic, an extended period of isolation from a source of colonists, is common also to many situations on continents. Accordingly, theories and predictions developed for true islands have been applied to a huge array of systems, from rock pools, to single tree species in forests, to oceanic islands. Here, we examine the literature on islands in the broadest sense (i.e., whether surrounded by water or any other uninhabitable matrix) as it pertains to terrestrial arthropods.We categorize islands according to the features they share. The primary distinction between different island systems is “darwinian” islands (formed de novo) and “fragment” islands. In the former, the islands have never been in contact with the source of colonists and have abundant “empty” ecological niche space. On these islands, species numbers will initially increase through immigration, the rate depending on the degree of isolation. If isolation persists, over time species formation will result in “neo-endemics.” When isolation is extreme, the ecological space will gradually be filled through speciation (rather than immigration) and adaptive radiation of neo-endemics. Fragment islands are fundamentally different. In these islands, the ecological space will initially be filled as a consequence of connection to the source of colonists prior to insularization. Species numbers will decrease following fragmentation through the process of relaxation. If these islands become more isolated, species will eventually arise through relictualization with the formation of “paleo-endemics.” Given sufficient time, this process can result in generic level endemism on ancient fragment islands, a phenomenon well illustrated in Madagascar and New Zealand. Recognizing the distinction between the different kinds of islands is fundamental for understanding emerging patterns on each, in particular speciation, biodiversity (e.g., neo-endemics versus paleo-endemics), and conservation (e.g., naivet´e in interactions with alien species).10aCOLONIZATION10aCONSERVATION10aEVOLUTION10aHAWAII10ainsects10aisland biogeography10aPacific Insects10aSPECIATION1 aGillespie, R., G.1 aRoderick, G., K.  uhttps://pacleps.myspecies.info/node/71