@article {254, title = {Molecular systematics and biogeography of the genus Zizina (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)}, journal = {ZootaxaZootaxa}, volume = {1746}, year = {2008}, note = {Formal taxonomic statements are not made (ie. new synonymy, new status, etc.). The only formal statement is as follows:Genus ZizinaZ. otis [= Z. antanossa, Z. labradus]: China (type locality), Japan [Ryukyus], Taiwan, Indochina, India, Pakistan, SriLanka, Andaman, Philippines, Palawan, Mariana Islands, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, Indonesian Archipelago,New Guinea, Micronesia, Melanesia, Polynesia, Australia, New Zealand, Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius.Z. emelina: Japan [except for Ryukyus] (type locality), South Korea, SW China, northern Myanmar.Z. oxleyi: New Zealand (type locality).}, pages = {15-38}, abstract = {Butterflies of the genus Zizina are widely distributed in all zoogeographical regions except the New World (North and South America) and the northern part of Eurasia. We address some of the problems in regard to the taxonomy and biogeography of the genus. We inferred phylogenetic relationships for all four species in the current classification of this genus from the ND5 region of mtDNA. From our molecular analyses and morphological evidence, we concluded that this genus contains three species; Z. otis, Z. oxleyi and Z. emelina. The status of the latter species is revised, while Z. labradus and Z. antanossa, which were formerly treated as specifically distinct, are regarded as subspecies of Z. otis. Based on our analyses, we also employ phylogeography to discuss possible speciation events in the genus. Each of the three Zizina species appears to have branched from the common ancestor, with a divergence time estimated to be about 2.5 million years ago. The ancestors of Z. oxleyi and Z. emelina are postulated to have adapted to a temperate climate, diverged in the northern and southern hemispheres, and resulted in the extant species from New Zealand and East Asia, respectively. In contrast, the ancestor of Z. otis adapted mainly to tropical and subtropical zones, and the extant Z. otis dispersed into the Afrotropical, Oriental and Australian regions. Feeding adaptations in the larvae also might have had an effect on speciation within Zizina. In addition, our results indicated that there is a possibility that the distribution of the New Zealand Z. oxleyi was reduced in extent by the introduction of Z. otis, which immigrated recently from Australia or its surroundings.}, keywords = {distribution, LEPIDOPTERA, Lycaenidae, MOLECULAR, mtDNA, ND5, Pacific Insects, Phylogeny, systematics, Zizina}, author = {Yago, Masaya and Hirai, Norio and Kondo, Mariko and Tanikawa, Tetsuo and Ishii, Minoru and Wang, Min and Williams, Mark and Ueshima, Rei} } @article {219, title = {Zizina otis (Fabricius, 1787) becomes established on Oahu, Hawaii (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae)}, journal = {News of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} SocietyNews of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} Society}, volume = {50(1)}, year = {2008}, note = {Cited Reference Count: 12 ref.}, pages = {3-6}, keywords = {distribution, HAWAII, LEPIDOPTERA, Lycaenidae, Pacific Insects, Pacific Islands, POLYNESIA, United States of America, Zizina}, isbn = {0091-1348}, author = {Snyder, J. F. and Warren, A. D. and Rubinoff, D. and Austin, G. T.} } @article {121, title = {Mecyclothorax kavanaughi sp. n. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea}, journal = {Tijdschrift voor EntomologieTijdschrift voor Entomologie}, volume = {151}, year = {2008}, pages = {147-154}, keywords = {Carabidae, Coleoptera, distribution, Mecyclothorax, Pacific Insects, Papua New Guinea}, author = {Liebherr, J. K.} } @article {68, title = {Biogeography of the fauna of French Polynesia: diversification within and between a series of hot spot archipelagos}, journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological SciencesPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences}, volume = {363}, number = {1508}, year = {2008}, pages = {3335-3346}, abstract = {The islands of French Polynesia cover an area the size of Europe, though total land area is smaller than Rhode Island. Each hot spot archipelago (Societies, Marquesas, Australs) is chronologically arranged. With the advent of molecular techniques, relatively precise estimations of timing and source of colonization have become feasible. We compile data for the region, first examining colonization (some lineages dispersed from the west, others from the east). Within archipelagos, blackflies (Simulium) provide the best example of adaptive radiation in the Societies, though a similar radiation occurs in weevils (Rhyncogonus). Both lineages indicate that Tahiti hosts the highest diversity. The more remote Marquesas show clear examples of adaptive radiation in birds, arthropods and snails. The Austral Islands, though generally depauperate, host astonishing diversity on the single island of Rapa, while lineages on other islands are generally widespread but with large genetic distances between islands. More recent human colonization has changed the face of Polynesian biogeography. Molecular markers highlight the rapidity of Polynesian human (plus commensal) migrations and the importance of admixture from other populations during the period of prehistoric human voyages. However, recent increase in traffic has brought many new, invasive species to the region, with the future of the indigenous biota uncertain.}, keywords = {adaptive radiation, Austral Islands, BIODIVERSITY, BIOGEOGRAPHY, distribution, French Polynesia, Marquesas, Pacific Insects, Society Islands}, author = {Gillespie, R. G. and Claridge, E. M. and Goodacre, S. L.} }