@book {260, title = {Insects of Hawaii, Volume 9: Microlepidoptera, Part I}, year = {1978}, pages = {890}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, organization = {University of Hawaii Press}, address = {Honolulu}, keywords = {CYDIA, distribution, HAWAII, HOST, keys, LEPIDOPTERA, Pacific Insects, PARASITISM, TORTRICIDAE}, author = {Zimmerman, E. C.} } @article {231, title = {Notes on food habits of Lepidoptera in Samoa}, journal = {Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological SocietyProceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society}, volume = {11(2)}, year = {1942}, note = {Tortricidae: Spilonota holotephras (leaf-tier of guava); Crocidosema plebejana (buds \& fruit of Sida rhombifolia); Bactra microtripta (seeds of Desmodium umbellatum); Cryptophlebia rhynchias (green pods of Erythrina)}, pages = {202-216}, keywords = {Agonoxenidae, Bactra, Cosmopterigidae, Crocidosema, Cryptophlebia, Danaidae, distribution, Gelechiidae, Geometridae, Glyphipterygidae, Gracillariidae, Heliodinidae, HOST, LEPIDOPTERA, Lyonetiidae, Noctuidae, Nymphalidae, Pacific Insects, Papilionoidea, Pterophoridae, Pyralidae, Samoa, Satyridae, Sphingidae, Spilonota, Tineidae, TORTRICIDAE}, author = {Swezey, O. H.} } @article {239, title = {A new Stigmella feeding on Urticaceae from Guam: first records of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from Micronesia and Polynesia}, journal = {Invertebrate SystematicsInvertebrate Systematics}, volume = {17}, year = {2003}, note = {See references for Pacific Islands Microlepidoptera}, pages = {27-37}, abstract = {Stigmella ebbenielseni, sp. nov. is described from Guam, where it was reared from leafmines on Pipturus argenteus (G. Forst.) Wedd. (Urticaceae). Vacated leafmines of this or a related species have also been recorded from Tinian and Alamagan. These provide the first records of the Nepticulidae from Micronesia. Similar mines, probably of a related species, have been recorded from herbarium material of Maoutia australis Wedd. originating from Tahiti; these confirm the occurrence of the family in Polynesia. Adult and mines of S. ebbenielseni are described and illustrated. The literature on Microlepidoptera of Pacific islands is reviewed and previous records of Nepticulidae are discussed. We conclude that Stigmella is probably widespread in the Pacific area, with at least four species, currently all associated with Urticaceae, tribe Boehmeriae.}, keywords = {description, distribution, Guam, HOST, LEPIDOPTERA, Microlepidoptera, Micronesia, Nepticulidae, Pacific Insects, POLYNESIA, Society Islands, Tahiti, Urticaceae}, author = {van Nieukerken, E.J. and van den Berg, C.} } @article {130, title = {Phylogeny of the Oxycoryninae sensu lato (Coleoptera : Belidae) and evolution of host-plant associations}, journal = {Invertebrate SystematicsInvertebrate Systematics}, volume = {20}, year = {2006}, note = {DISTRIBUTION: Proterhinus consists of 167 described species, the great majority from Hawaii but eight from Polynesia: three from the Marquesas (Perkins 1932, 1936) and three from the Society and Austral Islands (Zimmerman and Perrault 1989) in eastern Polynesia, and one from Phoenix Island (Perkins 1931) and one from Samoa (Perkins 1907) in western Polynesia (the latter (P. samoae) dispersed by humans with coconuts throughout Polynesia and into Melanesia and Micronesia (Zimmerman and Perrault 1989)). Further undescribed species have been recorded from Fiji and the Austral Islands (Zimmerman 1935; Zimmerman and Perrault 1989). Zimmerman and Perrault (1989) and Zimmerman (1994) interpreted this distribution pattern as a relict of a former more widespread occurrence in the Cretaceous and pondered the absence of aglycyderines from Australia.HOSTS: Host associations of the aglycyderines are also unusual. Aglycyderes develops in dead branches of Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae) (Paulian 1944; Menier 1974), Aralius in those of Pseudopanax K. Koch (Araliaceae) (Kuschel 1990, 2003) and Proterhinus mostly also in dead branches of a variety of plants, including ferns (Cibotium Kaulf., Dryopteris Adans.), palms (Cocos L., Pritchardia Seem. \& H. Wendl.) and a few other monocots (Astelia Banks \& Sol. ex R. Br., Pleomele Salisb.), and a large range of dicots. The recorded hosts in the latter group span the following orders and families of eudicots (generic names after Wagner et al. 1999): Caryophyllales (Amaranthaceae: Charpentiera Gaudich.; Nyctaginaceae: Pisonia L.), Myrtales (Myrtaceae: Metrosideros Banks ex Gaertn., Syzygium Gaertn.), Celastrales (Celastraceae: Perrottetia Kunth.), Fabales (Fabaceae: Acacia Mill.), Malphigiales (Euphorbiaceae: Aleurites J. R. Forst. \& G. Forst., Antidesma L., Euphorbia L.), Oxalidales (Cunoniaceae: Cunonia L. ( = Weinmannia L.); Elaeocarpaceae: Elaeocarpus L.), Rosales (Urticaceae: Pipturus Wedd.), Malvales (Malvaceae: Hibiscadelphus Rock, Waltheria L.; Thymelaeaceae: Wikstroemia Endl.), Sapindales (Rutaceae: Zanthoxylum L.), Cornales (Hydrangeaceae: Broussaisia Gaudich.), Ericales (Myrsinaceae: Myrsine L. ( = Suttonia A. Rich.)), Gentianales (Apocynaceae: Alyxia Banks ex R. Br.; Rubiaceae: Bobea Gaudich., Coprosma J. R. Forst. \& G.Forst., Hedyotis L. ( = Gouldia A. Gray), Pelea A. Gray, Psychotria L. ( = Straussia A. Gray)), Lamiales (Oleaceae: Nestegis Raf. ( = Osmanthus Lour.); Scrophulariaceae: Myoporum Banks \& Sol. ex G. Forst.), Apiales (Araliaceae: Cheirodendron Nutt. ex Seem., Tetraplasandra A. Gray), Asterales (Asteraceae: Argyroxiphium DC., Bidens L. ( = Campylotheca Cass.); Goodeniaceae: Scaevola L.; Lobeliaceae: Lobelia L.). In a large genus of mainly xylophagous and island-inhabiting species, such a wide diversity of hosts without any apparent pattern of association is not unexpected. Host specificity seems low in aglycyderines, although Swezey (1927) identified several {\textquoteleft}true{\textquoteright} (v. {\textquoteleft}accidental{\textquoteright}) hosts for Proterhinus in Hawaii and Kuschel (2003) suspected Aralius to be associated only with Araliaceae (Pseudopanax in New Zealand). In Proterhinus, the most commonly recorded host genera are Psychotria (Rubiaceae), Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae), Broussaisia (Hydrangeaceae) and Alyxia (Apocynaceae), and Rubiaceae is the family with the largest number of recorded host genera. In species whose larvae develop in living tissues (the leaf-mining species of Proterhinus, Perkins 1920) or in dying or freshly dead ones (Aralius, Kuschel 2003), host specificity is likely to be higher than in those that develop in dead bark or wood (Aglycyderes and most species of Proterhinus). Mining in living leaves appears to be a derived (secondarily evolved) association in Proterhinus, but in the absence of a better knowledge of host specificity in this genus, and of a phylogeny of its numerous species, any detailed analysis of the ancestral host associations of the aglycyderines is premature.TAXONOMYBelidaeOxycoryninae Schoenherr, 1840 Aglycyderini Wollaston, 1864 = Aglycyderidae Wollaston, 1864 [Aglycyderes Westwood] = Proterhinides Fauvel, 1891 [Proterhinus Sharp] = Proterhinidae; Sharp, 1899 = Proterhinini; Fauvel, 1903 = Aglycyderini; Fauvel, 1904 = Proterrhinidae; Kolbe, 1908 [lapsus] = Aglycyderoidea; Pierce, 1916 = Aglycideridae; Uyttenboogaart, 1937 [lapsus] = Platycephalitae Paulian, 1944 [Platycephala Montrouzier] = Aglycyderitae; Paulian, 1944 = Proterrhinoidea; Ienistea 1986 [lapsus] = Aglycyderinae; Kuschel, 1990 Aglycyderes Westwood, 1864 Type species: Aglycyderes setifer Westwood, 1864 Distribution: Canary Is., Morocco Aralius Kuschel, 1990 [Replacement name for Platycephala Montrouzier] Type species: Platycephala olivieri Montrouzier, 1861 Distribution: New Zealand, New Caledonia = Platycephala Montrouzier, 1861 (non Fall{\'e}n, 1820, nec Laporte, 1832) Type species: Platycephala olivieri Montrouzier, 1861 Proterhinus Sharp, 1878 Type species: Proterhinus vestitus Sharp, 1878 Distribution: Hawaii, Marquesas Is., Phoenix Is., Samoa, Society Is. = Proterrhinus Rye, 1880 [unjustified emendation]}, pages = {447-476}, abstract = {Phylogenetic relationships among the genera of the subfamily Oxycoryninae and other belids (Curculionoidea) were reconstructed by cladistic analysis using 21 terminals and 98 characters: 62 from imaginal morphology, 33 from larval morphology and three biological characters relating to host plants and larval feeding habits. Terminal taxa represent all extant genera of Oxycoryninae, two genera of each of the three tribes of Belinae plus two outgroup taxa used to root the tree. New information on the larvae and biology of the metrioxenines is used in phylogenetic reconstruction. In accord with the single optimal cladogram obtained, a revised classification of the Oxycoryninae is proposed. The subfamily is classified into three tribes (Oxycorynini, Metrioxenini and Aglycyderini), with the tribe Oxycorynini further classified into three subtribes (Oxycraspedina Marvaldi \& Oberprieler, subtr. nov., Oxycorynina and Allocorynina) and the tribe Metrioxenini into two subtribes (Metrioxenina and Afrocorynina (= Hispodini, syn. nov.)). Larval and adult unambiguous synapomorphies defining each clade are identified. Tracing the evolution of biological traits from the phylogenetic estimate indicates that drastic shifts to phylogenetically distant host plants occurred from the ancestral belid association with conifers. Structural, chemical and/or ecological similarities of the plant organs consumed apparently had a major influence in the colonisation of different plant taxa by this group of weevils.}, keywords = {Aglycyderidae, Coleoptera, distribution, ecology, French Polynesia, HAWAII, HOST, Pacific Insects, Phylogeny, Proterhinus, systematics, taxonomy}, author = {Marvaldi, A. E. and Oberprieler, R. G. and Lyal, C. H. C. and Bradbury, T. and Anderson, R. S.} } @article {111, title = {Life history and behavior of Polydesma umbricola in Hawaii}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of AmericaAnnals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {61}, number = {4}, year = {1968}, pages = {795-802}, keywords = {biology, distribution, fabaceae, HOST, LEPIDOPTERA, Noctuidae, Pacific Insects}, author = {Kamran, M.A.} } @article {117, title = {Biology of Uresiphita reversalis (Guenee) and comparison with U. polygonalis maorialis (Felder) (Crambidae)}, journal = {Journal of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} SocietyJournal of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} SocietyJournal of the Lepidopterists Society}, volume = {49(2)}, year = {1995}, pages = {163-170}, abstract = {The biology of Uresiphita reversalis (Guenee) is described, and the unpublished thesis of Mulvay on Uresiphita polygonalis maorialis (Felder) is summarized, The biologies of the two species are identical in many regards, Eggs are cream colored and laid in overlapping clusters of up to 80, Larvae undergo five instars; they are brightly colored, gregarious, and aposematic, Pupae are dark brown, Overwintering usually occurs in the pupal stage, Adults are active nocturnally and are superficially similar, with dark brown forewings and light orange hind wings with brown markings along the outer margin, In contrast to larvae, adults of both species are suspected to be palatable to predators on the basis of their color, nocturnal activity, and absence of sequestered quinolizidine alkaloids in adults of U. reversalis, Both species are multivoltine, Larvae of U, reversalis are diurnally active but feed throughout the night under warm temperatures,}, keywords = {biology, Crambidae, distribution, fabaceae, HAWAII, HOST, LEPIDOPTERA, Pacific Insects, Pyraloidea, Sophora chrysophylla, Uresiphita}, author = {Leen, R.} } @article {118, title = {Larval hosts of Uresiphita Hubner (Crambidae)}, journal = {Journal of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} SocietyJournal of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} Society}, volume = {51(2)}, year = {1997}, month = {1997}, pages = {139-148}, type = {Article}, abstract = {A survey of the literature and museum collections of Uresiphita indicates larval hosts are primarily quinolizidirie-bearing plants in tribes of the Fabaceae. Three species, Uresiphita reversalis, U. ornithopteralis and U. polygonalis, were collected from seven genera in the Genisteae (Chamaecytisus, Genista, Lupinus, Spartium, Laburnum, Ulex and Cytisus) and from three genera in the Sophoreae (Sophora, Pericopsis and Bolusanthus). Two species, U. reversalis and U. polygonalis, were collected from three genera in the Thermopsidae (Baptisia, Anagyris and Piptanthus) and two, U. reversalis and U. ornithopteralis, were collected from two genera in the Bossiaceeae (Hovea and Templetonia). A few legume species that are not known to bear quinolizidine alkaloids were also reported. In particular, U. reversalis, U. polygonalis, and U. ornithopteralis were each collected from Acacia (Mimosaceae) in areas as widely distributed as Australia and the United States (California, Texas and Hawaii). This is a consistent anomaly in the overall host-use pattern. Other nonleguminous species have been reported but are probably not indicative of hosts upon which development may be completed.}, keywords = {Acacia, Australia, California, Crambidae, distribution, fabaceae, HAWAII, HOST, LEPIDOPTERA, North America, Pacific Insects, Pyraloidea, Sophora chrysophylla, Texas, Uresiphita}, isbn = {0024-0966}, author = {Leen, Rosemary} } @article {83, title = {Rediscovery of five species of Omiodes Guenee (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on Hawai{\textquoteright}i Island}, journal = {Bishop Museum Occasional PapersBishop Museum Occasional Papers}, volume = {79}, year = {2004}, note = {Omiodes anastreptaOmiodes anastreptoidesOmiodes asaphombraOmiodes continuatalisOmiodes monogona [Hawaii / / New record].Omiodes anastrepta (Pyralidae): [New record].Omiodes anastreptoides (Pyralidae): [New record].Omiodes asaphombra (Pyralidae): [New record].Omiodes continuatalis (Pyralidae): [New record].Omiodes monogona (Pyralidae): [New record].}, month = {27}, pages = {45-49}, type = {Article}, keywords = {Crambidae, distribution, HAWAII, HOST, LEPIDOPTERA, Omiodes, Pacific Insects, PARASITISM}, isbn = {0893-1348}, author = {Haines, W. P. and Giffin, J. and Foote, D.} } @article {86, title = {Catalogue des insectes et acariens d{\textquoteright}int{\'e}r{\^e}t agricole en Polyn{\'e}sie Fran{\c c}aise}, year = {1986}, note = {do not have}, month = {1986}, pages = {1-259}, institution = {Service de L{\textquoteright}Economie Rurale de Polyn{\'e}sie Fran{\c c}aise}, address = {Papeete, Tahiti}, abstract = {Contents: Introduction, Classement des acariens, des insectes, des plantes hotes, des parasites et predateurs, Fiches techniques des principaux ravageurs, Documents photographiques, References Bibliographiques}, keywords = {Coleoptera, DIPTERA, distribution, French Polynesia, HOMOPTERA, HOST, insects, LEPIDOPTERA, Moorea, Pacific Insects, pictures, Tahiti}, isbn = {Entomologie Agricole, Notes et documents No.2}, author = {Hammes, C. and Putoa, R.} } @mastersthesis {90, title = {Systematics and phylogenetics of the endemic genus Scotorythra (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in the Hawaiian Islands}, year = {2003}, pages = {310}, school = {University of California}, type = {PhD}, address = {Berkeley}, abstract = {The Hawaiian archipelago hosts a remarkable diversity of Lepidoptera despite its extreme isolation from any mainland region. The genus Scotorythra (Geometridae: Ennominae), with 43 species, may be the most diverse group of macrolepidoptera within the archipelago. Although never evaluated within a phylogenetic framework, and despite considerable morphological diversity, all species have been considered part of a single radiation. In order to establish whether the radiation is the result of a single colonization and to provide an evolutionary hypothesis for a systematic treatment of Scotorythra, 605 base pairs of COI and 39 morphological characters were used to reconstruct a phylogeny. Three species of Cleora from the Society and Austral islands were used as outgroups in order to test the assumption of monophyly. Primarily, genitalic characters are used for species delimitation because wing are variable in many species. However, several characters of the wings, legs, abdomen, and head are useful for distinguishing species groups. Closely allied species are often endemic on different islands which sometimes can be used as an aid in identification. Host-plant records for this group have previously been either unknown or unconfirmed. Both Bayesian and Maximum Parsimony analyses, support a hypothesis of a single colonization event. Species defined on the basis of genitalic features are well supported by the molecular data. The results present a hypothesis for allopatric speciation. Male secondary sexual characteristics involved with pheromone dispersal appear to have evolved multiple times throughout the group suggesting an adaptive role for these structures. Through rearing and surveys of private and museum collections, host associations for twenty-two species are now confirmed and presented here and 14 new species are described.}, keywords = {description, distribution, Geometridae, HAWAII, HOST, LEPIDOPTERA, Pacific Insects, phylogenetics, Scotorythra, taxonomy}, author = {Heddle, A.L.} } @article {91, title = {Conservation status and research on the Fabulous Green Sphinx of Kaua{\textquoteright}i, Tinostoma smaragditis (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), including checklists of the vascular plants of the diverse mesic forests of Kaua{\textquoteright}i, Hawai{\textquoteright}i}, journal = {Pacific SciencePacific Science}, volume = {54(1)}, year = {2000}, month = {Jan.}, pages = {1-9}, type = {Article}, abstract = {In 1895, a moth was captured in a mountain home in Makaweli, Kaua{\textquoteright}i, that would captivate and elude entomologists for the next century. Tinostoma smaragditis (Meyrick), aptly nicknamed the "Fabulous Green Sphinx of Kauai{\textquoteright}i" is a stunningly beautiful moth with green wings and thorax, pale brown hind wings, and orange antennae. Eighteen individuals are known to have been collected on Kaua{\textquoteright}i. However, despite extensive searches in areas around Koke{\textquoteright}e, all the specimens discovered until the 1990s were incidental catches, and the natural habitat and host plant of the moth remained unknown. This study describes the results of extensive searches of the diverse mesic forests with the aim of establishing range, habitat, and host-plant associations of the Fabulous Green Sphinx. In February 1998 a male T. smaragditis was attracted to a mercury vapor light set up in the diverse mesic forest. Subsequently, one other specimen was collected in a similar habitat type on another part of the island. However, the host plant of the moth remains unknown. In this paper we provide a history of collections, a summary of known biology, and a guide to potential host plants, including checklists of vascular plants found in the diverse mesic forests of two locations where T. smaragditis was found, Kalalau and Mahanaloa Valleys on Kaua{\textquoteright}i.}, keywords = {CONSERVATION, distribution, HAWAII, HOST, LEPIDOPTERA, Pacific Insects, Sphingidae}, isbn = {0030-8870}, author = {Heddle, M. L. and Wood, K. R. and Asquith, A. and Gillespie, R. G.} } @article {24, title = {Larval host-plant testing of Tinostoma smaragditis (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), the fabulous green sphinx of Kaua{\textquoteright}i}, journal = {Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological SocietyProceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society}, volume = {32}, year = {1995}, month = {1995}, pages = {83-90}, type = {Article}, abstract = {A specimen of an extremely rare sphingid Tinostoma smaragditis, endemic to the island of Kauai, Hawaii was collected in late July 1992. prior to expiring, it oviposited 56 eggs of which 79\% were fertile and enclosed, providing a brief opportunity to discover its unknown, larval host-plant(s). Almost 140 species of plants, many endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, were offered to the larvae through a combination of 3 methods. Among the plants was the species upon which the adult was found as well as suspected host plant species. Larvae did not respond to any plant species tested; larvae attempting to feed or actually feeding were not observed. Thus, the host-plant(s) remains unknown. Names of plant species offered to the larvae are provided and are considered unlikely host-plants given the lack of immature response}, keywords = {distribution, HAWAII, HOST, LEPIDOPTERA, Pacific Insects, Sphingidae}, isbn = {0073-134X}, author = {Campbell, Clinton L. and Ishii, Laura M.} }