@article {242, title = {Vagility across Vanessa (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): mobility in butterfly species does not inhibit the formation and persistence of isolated sister taxa}, journal = {Systematic EntomologySystematic Entomology}, volume = {36}, number = {2}, year = {2011}, month = {Apr}, pages = {362-370}, type = {Article}, abstract = {Allopatric speciation is thought to occur in the absence of gene flow, thereby suggesting that widespread vagile species might be less likely to generate restricted sister taxa because of a lack of isolation. The butterfly genus Vanessa provides an ideal test of this concept, as it contains some of the most cosmopolitan and vagile species of butterflies on the planet, as well as some highly restricted taxa. Given the age of these groups, this arrangement offers a special opportunity to examine the relationship between vagility and phylogeny in generating novel taxa; specifically, does the vagility of some lineages impede allopatric speciation, leaving restricted clades more speciose? A phylogenetic hypothesis is proposed for all species belonging to the butterfly genus Vanessa based on DNA sequences from one mitochondrial and eight nuclear gene regions. The resulting topology shows very little conflict among gene regions, with five well-supported clades corresponding to morphologically consistent species groups. The data very strongly indicate a polyphyletic genus Antanartia, and thus to preserve monophyly two species previously assigned to Antanartia are transferred to Vanessa, Vanessa hippomene comb.n. and Vanessa dimorphica comb.n., resulting in a total of 22 species placed in Vanessa. A biogeographical analysis shows that in many cases the most geographically restricted species are sister to geographically widespread species, suggesting dispersal and allopatric speciation. Surprisingly, in almost all cases the divergences between widespread and restricted species are quite old (> 5 Ma), suggesting long-term isolation and stability of both vagile and sedentary species, despite the high (even intercontinental) vagility of many extant species and, by extension, ancestral species. The biogeography of Vanessa suggests that species vagility and allopatry do not fully explain the forces governing cladogenesis in this remarkable genus.}, keywords = {branch support, butterflies, COLONIZATION, data sets, diversification, HAWAII, historical biogeography, LEPIDOPTERA, morphology, Nymphalidae, Pacific Insects, Papilionoidea, phylogenetic-relationships, radiation, sequence data, systematics, Vanessa}, isbn = {0307-6970}, author = {Wahlberg, N. and Rubinoff, D.} } @article {219, title = {Zizina otis (Fabricius, 1787) becomes established on Oahu, Hawaii (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae)}, journal = {News of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} SocietyNews of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} Society}, volume = {50(1)}, year = {2008}, note = {Cited Reference Count: 12 ref.}, pages = {3-6}, keywords = {distribution, HAWAII, LEPIDOPTERA, Lycaenidae, Pacific Insects, Pacific Islands, POLYNESIA, United States of America, Zizina}, isbn = {0091-1348}, author = {Snyder, J. F. and Warren, A. D. and Rubinoff, D. and Austin, G. T.} } @article {209, title = {Three new species of Hyposmocoma (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) from the Hawaiian Islands, based on morphological and molecular evidence}, journal = {ZootaxaZootaxaZootaxa}, volume = {1821}, year = {2008}, note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 324NGTimes Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 19Schmitz, Patrick Rubinoff, Daniel}, pages = {49-58}, type = {Article}, abstract = {The Cosmopterigid genus Hyposmocoma (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) is endemic to Hawaii and contains over 350 recognized species, though only one new species has been described in the past 62 years. We describe and illustrate three new species of Hyposmocoma: Hyposmocoma kaupo sp. nov. from the island of Maui, H. kapakai sp. nov. from Oahu, and H. kaikuono sp. nov. from Molokai, all known from both sexes, and all apparently single-island endemics. The case-making larvae of all three species feed on lichen and organic debris on dry rocks in open or partly forested habitat. While morphological differences among these three species are small, genetic divergence across parts of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I and the nuclear genes elongation factor 1 alpha indicate universally deep divergence, making these taxa a classic example of sibling species.}, keywords = {COI, CONSERVATION, Cosmopterigidae, description, EF1a, ENDEMIC, HAWAII, Hyposmocoma, Microlepidoptera, mtDNA, Pacific Insects}, isbn = {1175-5326}, author = {Schmitz, P. and Rubinoff, D.} } @article {210, title = {New species of Hyposmocoma (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) from the remote Northwestern Hawaiian Islands of Laysan, Necker, and Nihoa}, journal = {ZootaxaZootaxaZootaxa}, number = {2272}, year = {2009}, note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 509MKTimes Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 10Schmitz, Patrick Rubinoff, Daniel}, pages = {37-53}, type = {Article}, abstract = {The endemic Hawaiian cosmopterigid moth genus Hyposmocoma Butler, 1881 contains 315 described species, making it one of the Archipelago{\textquoteright}s most diverse radiations. However, only one species was previously described as endemic to the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI), and prior taxonomic work in the region has been problematic. The NWHI represent a series of much older island remnants and atolls that were formerly high islands of much greater diversity. Systematic relationships within and between Hyposmocoma on the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands may have implications for understanding not only the biogeography of Hyposmocoma but of Hawaiian radiations in general. We describe eight new species of Hyposmocoma endemic to the NWHI: H. laysanensis sp. nov. and H. ekemamao sp. nov. from Laysan Island, H. opuumaloo sp. nov. and H. mokumana sp. nov. from Necker Island, and H. nihoa sp. nov., H. kikokolu sp. nov., H. menehune sp. nov., and H. papahanau sp. nov. from Nihoa Island. This work represents the first inclusive taxonomic treatment of Hyposmocoma in the NWHI and may serve as a basis for studies both of Hyposmocoma, and broader biogeographic research on the NWHI.}, keywords = {Cosmopterigidae, Gelechioidea, HAWAII, Hyposmocoma, LEPIDOPTERA, Pacific Insects, Phylogeny, radiation}, isbn = {1175-5326}, author = {Schmitz, P. and Rubinoff, D.} } @article {116, title = {Biology and distribution of a recently rediscovered endemic Hawaiian leafroller moth, Omiodes continuatalis (Crambidae)}, journal = {Journal of the Lepidopterists SocietyJournal of the Lepidopterists SocietyJournal of the Lepidopterists Society}, volume = {63(1)}, year = {2009}, note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 441XPTimes Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 17King, Cynthia Rubinoff, Daniel Haines, William}, month = {Apr}, pages = {11-20}, type = {Article}, abstract = {The endemic Hawaiian leafroller moth Omiodes continuatalis was documented by early entomologists to be one of the most common species encountered during initial collecting trips in the Hawaiian Islands at the end of the 19th century. The species was declared extinct in 1982, and while subsequent surveys have resulted in their "rediscovery", it is evident that O. continuatalis population have experienced declines and localized extinctions throughout their historical range. The objective of our research was to document the life history, biology, general morphology, and behavior of this little studied species. To complete the investigation, we observed both wild caught and laboratory reared O. continuatalis. We also conducted light trap surveys to document the current distribution of O. continuatalis, to create a document which can be refferenced for future research relating to the biology or conservation of this species.}, keywords = {biology, Crambidae, development, distribution, extinction, fossorial, HAWAII, LEPIDOPTERA, Omiodes, Pacific Insects, Pyraloidea}, isbn = {0024-0966}, author = {King, C. and Rubinoff, D. and Haines, W.} } @article {84, title = {A recent outbreak of the Hawaiian koa moth, Scotorythra paludicola (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), and a review of outbreaks between 1892 and 2003}, journal = {Pacific SciencePacific Science}, volume = {63}, number = {3}, year = {2009}, note = {Cited Reference Count: many ref.}, pages = {349-369}, type = {article}, abstract = {The koa moth, Scotorythra paludicola, is an endemic Hawaiian moth that undergoes sporadic outbreaks in koa forests in Hawai{\textquoteright}i, causing vast defoliations of its host plant, Acacia koa. We studied one such outbreak that occurred on East Maui in 2003, in which approximately 16 km2 of forest were defoliated. We collected adult moths and larvae, and recorded size-class distribution of larvae in defoliated regions. Larvae at a given site tended to be of a similar size class, suggesting that outbreaks were synchronous, and mean development time from first instar to adulthood was 42 days under laboratory conditions. Mortality of field-collected, laboratory-reared larvae due to disease was high (80\%), making it impossible to quantify meaningful parasitism rates, but three non-native hymenopteran primary parasitoids were reared (the braconids Meteorus laphygmae and Cotesia marginiventris, and the ichneumonid Hyposoter exiguae). One ichneumonid hyperparasitoid, Gelis sp., was also reared. No native parasitoids were reared. We found no relationship between occurrence of five koa moth outbreaks on East Maui between 1920 and 2006 and annual or monthly precipitation or temperature during that period.}, keywords = {Acacia koa, Geometridae, HAWAII, HOST, LEPIDOPTERA, Maui, outbreaks, Pacific Insects, PARASITISM, Scotorythra}, isbn = {0030-8870}, author = {Haines, W. P. and Heddle, M. L. and Welton, P. and Rubinoff, D.} }